The Tenth
Right
The Rights of
Non-Muslims
“
Non-Muslim” is a broad term that covers all those who are disbelievers in the
faith and principles of Islam. These People are classified into four categories
as follows:
a)
Warriors
b)
Peace
seekers
c)
Peace truce
holders
d)
Non-Muslims living or
residing in an Islamic governed
country.
In the following passages we
shall attempts to give a brief account of each one of the above
category.
A)
Warriors: This group is at
constant war against Islam, in particular , and against all Muslims, regardless
of creed , color, geographical location , social status or other criteria
.
B)
Peace Seekers: This group is
entitled for Muslim Protection in accordance with the time and place specified
and agreed upon by both parties for instance , peace seekers ( Non-Muslim) and
peace grantors (governing Muslims) This is the based upon the statement from the
glorious Quran:
“ If one amongst the pagans
ask thee asylum, grant it to him, so that he may hear the world of God; and then
escort him to where he can be secure. That is because they are men without
knowledge.”
9:6
C)
Peace Truce holders: Muslims
must fulfill peace treaties made with this group of people in accordance with
the terms and conditions of the treaties as long as these people did not breach
their contract and did something contrary to the terms and conditions agreed
upon both parties, did not assist a third party against Muslims , did not
criticize the religion of Islam openly , or did any thing that make them loose
their entitlement for the peace treaty with Muslims. This is , of course , is
based on the statement of Allah , the Almighty , in the glorious Quarn:
“ ( But the treaties
are) not dissolved with those pagans
with whom ye have entered into alliance and who not subsequently failed in aught
,, nor aided any one against you. So fulfilled your engagements with them to the
end of their term: for God loveth the righteous.” 9:4
Also the statement of Allah,
the Almighty, in the glorious Quran:
“ But if they oaths after covenant,
and taunt you for your faith , fight ye the chiefs of Unfaith: For their oaths
are nothing to them: That thus they may be restrained.” 9:21
D)
Non-Muslims living , or
residing in an Islamic governed country:
This group has and enjoys the utmost rights upon Muslims. They are also
required to practice certain things which dictated by Muslims righted unto them
as well. In the first place , this group physically resides in as Islamic
governed country and enjoy the protection , services all other things that
Muslims themselves enjoy from Islamic government such as schooling, health care,
road system , housing and all other major or minor services that Islamic
government avails for its people. In fact this group enjoys all of the above due
to the fact that they pay a special protection and services tax called “ JIZEH”
or “ head tax” which is a tax imposed on Non-Muslim residing in Islamic country
for this very purpose. This group , however , do not participate in fight or
military operation operations if the protecting Islamic country has been
threatened and a war is waged against its
territories.
Muslims governors must be
fair and just to his group, in particular, and pass all judgments and sentences
upon them on the basis of the true, accurate and precise Islamic jurisdictions
in finance , economics , political or educational undertakings, and all other
matters. A Muslim governor must establish capital or corporal punishment upon
this group of people in accordance with the principles of their religious or
divine laws. They should also enjoy every protection that is naturally extended
to the Muslim citizens residing in the same country.
Theoretically, and as it was
practiced in the early Islamic generations, such group must be distinguished
from Muslim by specific code of dress maintained in public. They must not openly
, or in a public places , do any thing that is considered insulting ,
insensible, insensitive or contrary to the Muslims faith and taste. For instance
, they should not wear crosses, set up
crosses in their public areas , hanging pictures or statues that are against
Islamic faith and principles.
Those readers who interested
in a detailed account of rules , regulations and principles of dealing with
non-Muslims residing in a Islamic governed country , who are called : “
AHLUTH-THIM-MAH” may refer to the book
in Arabic entitled :” AHKAMU AHLITH-THIM-MAH”, authorized by Ibn –ul-Qay-yium.
This book is reached ,
authentic and explicit for all they rights that this group enjoys , and all what
is required from them in return as well.
IMPORTANT
ADVICE OF IMAM AL-UTHAIMEEN TO MUSLIMS RESIDING IN NON-MUSLIM COUNTRIES
The Sheikh said: “I call upon you to observe respect for individuals
who deserve to be respected either be Muslims or non-Muslims with whom there is
covenant of security and protection between you and them in their land. If this
was not the case, they would have killed you or expelled you, so hold up
this agreement and do not be treacherous to it, because treachery is a
sign of the Hypocrites, nor it is from the way of the believers to be
treacherous. Know that The Prophet (peace be upon him) said in an authentic
narration:“Whoever kills a person who is a covenant of safety will not smell
the fragrance of Paradise.”So do not be misleading by the statements of
irrational people who say: “Those people are kafir hence their blood and their
wealth is lawful for us.” [i.e. it is lawful to kill them and rob them because
they are non-Muslims], by Allaah this a lie, a lie against the religion of
Allaah...”
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