الَّذِينَ يَنْقُضُونَ عَهْدَ اللَّهِ مِنْ بَعْدِ مِيثَاقِهِ
وَيَقْطَعُونَ مَا أَمَرَ اللَّهُ بِهِ أَنْ يُوصَلَ وَيُفْسِدُونَ فِي الْأَرْضِ
أُولَئِكَ هُمُ الْخَاسِرُونَ (27)
2: 27. Those who break Allahs Covenant
after ratifying it, and sever what Allah has ordered to be
joined (as regards Allahs
Religion of Islamic Monotheism, and to practise its legal laws on the earth
and also as regards keeping good
relations with kith and kin ), and do mischief on earth, it is they
who are the losers.
َالَّذِينَ يَنْقُضُونَ عَهْدَ اللَّهِ مِنْ بَعْدِ مِيثَاقِهِ
وَيَقْطَعُونَ مَا أَمَرَ اللَّهُ بِهِ أَنْ يُوصَلَ وَيُفْسِدُونَ فِي الْأَرْضِ
أُولَئِكَ لَهُمُ اللَّعْنَةُ وَلَهُمْ سُوءُ الدَّارِ (25)
25. And those who break the
Covenant of Allah, after its ratification, and sever that which Allah has
commanded to be joined (i.e. they
sever the bond of kinship and are not good to their relatives), and
work mischief in the land, on
them is the curse (i.e. they will be far away from Allahs Mercy); And
for them is the unhappy (evil) home (i.e. Hell).
13:25
فَهَلْ عَسَيْتُمْ إِنْ تَوَلَّيْتُمْ أَنْ تُفْسِدُوا فِي الْأَرْضِ
وَتُقَطِّعُوا أَرْحَامَكُمْ (22) أُولَئِكَ الَّذِينَ لَعَنَهُمُ اللَّهُ
فَأَصَمَّهُمْ وَأَعْمَى أَبْصَارَهُمْ (23) أَفَلَا يَتَدَبَّرُونَ الْقُرْآَنَ
أَمْ عَلَى قُلُوبٍ أَقْفَالُهَا (24)
47:22. Would you then, if you
were given the authority, do mischief in the land, and sever your ties of
kinship?
23. Such are they whom Allah has
cursed, so that He has made them deaf and blinded their sight.
24. Do they not then think deeply in the Quran, or
are their hearts locked up (from understanding it)?
`Abdullah
bin Salam said, "When the Messenger of Allah arrived at Al-Madinah, people
quickly gathered around him and I was among them. When I saw his face, I knew
that it was not the face of a liar. The first statement I heard from him was,
«يَا أَيُّهَا النَّاسُ أَطْعِمُوا الطَّعَامَ،
وَصِلُوا الْأَرْحَامَ، وَأَفْشُوا السَّلَامَ، وَصَلُّوا بِاللَّيْلِ وَالنَّاسُ
نِيَامٌ، تَدْخُلُوا الْجَنَّةَ بِسَلَام»
(O
people! Feed with food, keep relations to kith and
kin, spread the Salam, pray at night while people are asleep, and you will
enter Paradise in peace.)''
Al-Bukhari
recorded from Abu Hurayrah, may Allah be pleased with him, that Allah's
Messenger said,
«خَلَقَ اللهُ تَعَالَى الْخَلْقَ فَلَمَّا
فَرَغَ مِنْهُ قَامَتِ الرَّحِمُ فَأَخَذَتْ بِحَقْوِ الرَّحْمنِ عَزَّ وَجَلَّ
فَقَالَ: مَهْ، فَقَالَتْ: هذَا مَقَامُ الْعَائِذِ بِكَ مِنَ الْقَطِيعَةِ،
فَقَالَ تَعَالَى: أَلَا تَرْضَيْنَ أَنْ أَصِلَ مَنْ وَصَلَكِ وَأَقْطَعَ مَنْ قَطَعَكِ؟
قَالَتْ: بَلَى، قَالَ: فَذَاكِ لَك»
(After
Allah completed creating the creation, the womb stood up and pulled at the
lower garment of the Most Merciful. He said, 'Stop that!' It replied, 'My stand
here is the stand of one seeking refuge in you from severance of ties.' Allah said, 'Would it not please you that I join whoever joins
you and sever whoever severs you' It replied, 'Yes indeed!' He said, 'You are
granted that!') Abu Hurayrah then added, "Read if you wish:
﴿فَهَلْ عَسَيْتُمْ إِن تَوَلَّيْتُمْ أَن تُفْسِدُواْ فِى الاٌّرْضِ
وَتُقَطِّعُواْ أَرْحَامَكُمْ ﴾
(So
would you perhaps, if you turned away, spread corruption on earth, and sever
your ties of kinship)'' Then Al-Bukhari
recorded it with another wording which states that the Messenger of Allah said,
«اقْرَءُوا إِنْ شِئْتُمْ
﴿فَهَلْ عَسَيْتُمْ إِن تَوَلَّيْتُمْ أَن
تُفْسِدُواْ فِى الاٌّرْضِ وَتُقَطِّعُواْ أَرْحَامَكُمْ ﴾»
(Read if you wish: (So would you perhaps, if
you turned away, spread corruption on earth, and sever your ties of kinship)) Muslim also recorded it. Imam Ahmad recorded from
Abu Bakrah, may Allah be pleased with him, that Allah's Messenger said:
«مَا مِنْ ذَنْبٍ أَحْرَى أَنْ يُعَجِّلَ اللهُ تَعَالَى عُقُوبَتَهُ
فِي الدُّنْيَا، مَعَ مَا يَدَّخِرُ لِصَاحِبِهِ فِي الْاخِرَةِ، مِنَ الْبَغْيِ
وَقَطِيعَةِ الرَّحِم»
(No
sin deserves that Allah hasten its punishment in the worldly life, in addition
to what He reserves in the Hereafter for those who commit it, more than
injustice and severance of the ties of
kinship.) This was also recorded by Abu Dawud, At-Tirmidhi, and Ibn Majah.
At-Tirmidhi said, "This Hadith is Sahih.'' Imam Ahmad recorded from
Thawban, may Allah be pleased with him, that Allah's Messenger said,
«مَنْ سَرَّهُ النَّسَاءُ فِي الْأَجَلِ وَالزِّيَادَةُ فِي الرِّزْقِ،فَلْيَصِلْ
رَحِمَه»
(Whoever
likes for his life to be extended, and his provision increased, let him connect
his ties of kinship.) Ahmad was alone
in recording this narration, but it has a supporting narration in the Sahih.
Imam Ahmad recorded from `Abdullah bin `Amr, may Allah be pleased with him,
that Allah's Messenger said,
«إِنَّ الرَّحِمَ مُعَلَّقَةٌ بِالْعَرْشِ، وَلَيْسَ الْوَاصِلُ
بِالْمُكَافِىءِ، وَلكِنِ الْوَاصِلُ الَّذِي إِذَا قُطِعَتْ رَحِمُهُ وَصَلَهَا»
(Verily,
the womb is attached to the Throne. And connecting its ties does not mean dealing evenly (with the kinsfolk), but it rather
means that if one's kinsfolk sever the ties, he
connects them.) This Hadith was also recorded by Al-Bukhari. Ahmad also
recorded from `Abdullah bin `Amr, may Allah be pleased with him, that Allah's
Messenger said,
«تُوضَعُ الرَّحِمُ يَوْمَ الْقِيَامَةِ لَهَا (حُجْنَةٌ كَحُجْنَةِ)
الْمِغْزَلِ تَكَلَّمُ بِلِسَانٍ طَلِقٍ ذَلِقٍ، فَتَقْطَعُ مَنْ قَطَعَهَا
وَتَصِلُ مَنْ وَصَلَهَا»
(The
womb will be placed on the Day of Resurrection, curved like a spinning wheel,
speaking with an eloquent fluent tongue, calling to severing whoever had
severed it, and joining whoever had joined it.)
The Command to maintain the Ties
of Kinship and the Prohibition of Extravagance
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When Allah mentions honoring one's parents, He follows this with
the command to treat one's relatives well and to maintain the ties of kinship. According to the Hadith:
«أُمَّكَ
وَأَبَاكَ، ثُمَّ أَدْنَاكَ أَدْنَاك»
وفي رواية
«ثُمَّ الْأَقْرَبَ
فَالْأَقْرَب»
(Your mother and your father, then your closest relatives and
the next closest.)
Ar-Rahman and Ar-Rahim are two names derived from Ar-Rahmah (the
mercy), but Rahman has more meanings that pertain to mercy than Ar-Rahim.
There is a statement by Ibn Jarir that indicates that there is a consensus on
this meaning. Further, Al-Qurtubi said, "The proof that these names are
derived (from Ar-Rahmah), is what At-Tirmidhi recorded - and graded Sahih
from `Abdur-Rahman bin `Awf that he heard the Messenger of Allah say,
«قَالَ اللهُ تَعَالى: أَنَا الرَّحْمنُ
خَلَقْتُ الرَّحِمَ وَشَقَقْتُ لَهَا اسْمًا مِنِ اسْمِي، فَمَنْ وَصَلَهَا
وَصَلْتُهُ وَمَنْ قَطَعَها قَطَعْتُهُ»
(Allah the Exalted said, 'I Am Ar-Rahman. I created the Raham
(womb, i.e. family relations) and derived a name for it from My Name. Hence,
whoever keeps it, I will keep ties to
him, and whoever severs it, I will sever ties with
him.') He then said, "This is a text that indicates the derivation.'' He
then said, "The Arabs denied the name Ar-Rahman, because of their
ignorance about Allah and His attributes.''
It has been reported in the Hadith,
«صِلَةُ الرَّحِمِ تَزِيدُ فِي الْعُمُر»
(Maintaining the family ties
increases the life span.)
﴿وَإِذَا الاٌّرْضُ مُدَّتْ - وَأَلْقَتْ مَا
فِيهَا وَتَخَلَّتْ ﴾
(And when the earth is stretched forth, and has cast out all
that was in it and became empty.) (84:3-4) Muslim recorded in his Sahih from
Abu Hurayrah that the Messenger of Allah said,
«تُلْقِي الْأَرْضُ أَفْلَاذَ كَبِدِهَا أَمْثَالَ الْأُسْطُوَانِ
مِنَ الذَّهَبِ وَالْفِضَّةِ، فَيَجِيءُ الْقَاتِلُ فَيَقُولُ فِي هَذَا
قَتَلْتُ، وَيَجِيءُ الْقَاطِعُ فَيَقُولُ فِي هَذَا قَطَعْتُ رَحِمِي،وَيَجِيءُ
السَّارِقُ فَيَقُولُ: فِي هَذَا قُطِعَتْ يَدِي، ثُمَّ يَدَعُونَهُ فَلَا
يَأْخُذُونَ مِنْهُ شَيْئًا»
(The earth will throw out the pieces of its liver (its
contents). Gold and silver will come out like columns. A murderer will come
and say, `I killed for this' The one who broke the ties of kinship will say, `For this I severed the ties of kinship' The thief will say, `For this I got my hands
amputated' Then they will leave it there and no one will take anything from
it.)''
﴿وَاتَّقُواْ اللَّهَ الَّذِى تَسَآءَلُونَ بِهِ وَالاٌّرْحَامَ﴾
(And have Taqwa of Allah through Whom you demand your mutual
(rights) and revere the wombs), protect yourself from Allah by your acts of
obedience to Him. Allah's statement,
﴿الَّذِى تَسَآءَلُونَ بِهِ﴾
(through Whom you demand your mutual (rights)), is in reference
to when some people say, "I ask you by Allah, and then by the relation
of the Rahim (the womb, i.e. my relationship to
you)'', according to Ibrahim, Mujahid and Al-Hasan. Ad-Dahhak said;
"Fear Allah Whom you invoke when you conduct transactions and
contracts.'' "And revere the womb by not cutting the relations of the
womb, but keep and honor them, as Ibn `Abbas, `Ikrimah, Mujahid, Al-Hasan,
Ad-Dahhak, Ar-Rabi`, and others have stated.
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